Originally dug by the Romans in order to protect their city of Vinodoba, Graben, Vienna's most glamorous shopping street, was created when Leopold V filled in the ditch and constructed a fortifying city wall that ended at Freyung in 1192. This endeavor was funded by the hefty ransom paid by Richard the Lionheart, his arch-rival who was then being detained in a castle near Dürnstein on the Danube.